Pengaruh Pemberian Variasi pH terhadap Produksi Trigliserida Total dan Komposisi Asam Lemak dari Chlorella Vulgaris Air Tawar

Authors

  • Rahmadani Wulandari Universitas Andalas, Indonesia
  • Abdi Dharma Universitas Andalas, Indonesia
  • Syafrizayanti Syafrizayanti Universitas Andalas, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25077/jrk.v10i2.316

Keywords:

Chlorella vulgaris, pH stress, lipid, fatty acid

Abstract

Chlorella vulgaris is a microalgae that has high lipid content and potential as raw material for biofuel production. This study aims are to determine the effect of pH on growth, lipid production and fatty acid composition of C. vulgaris by using Growmore 32-10-10 fertilizer as a culture medium. Microalgae were cultured in medium Growmore 32-10-10 for 10 days. Afterward, pH of medium was varied into pH 5, 7, 8.2 and 9 and continued cultivate for 3 days. C. vulgaris cultured at pH 8.2 which is a control pH reached optimum growths. The GC-MS analysis for lipid productivity of C. vulgaris was 0.5020 g/L/day and 0.2902 g/L/day for microalgae grew at pH 8.2 and 9, respectively. Cultures at pH 8.2 and 9 produce methyl hexadecanoate, methyl 9-octadecanoate, methyl octadecanoate, methyl 9,12-octadecadienoate, methyl 9,11-octadecadienoate. Additional fatty acid methyl nonadecanoate was also found in C. vulgaris grew at pH 9. The low and high pH stress of C. vulgaris culture medium did not affect culture growth but altered lipid production and fatty acid composition.

References

Kotasthane, T., Potential of Microalgae for Sustainable Biofuel Production Marine Science : Research & Development. 7(2): (2017).

Laurens, L. M. L. & Wolfrum, E. J., Feasibility of spectroscopic characterization of algal lipids: Chemometric correlation of NIR and FTIR Spectra with exogenous lipids in algal biomass. Bioenergy Res., 4(1): 22–35 (2011).

Noer Abyor Handayani, D. A., Potensi Mikroalga Sebagai Sumber Biomasa Dan Pengembangan Produk Turunannya. J. Tek., 33(2): 58–65 (2012).

Rajvanshi, S. & Sharma, M. P., Microalgae : A Potential Source of Biodiesel. J. Sustain. Bioenergy Syst., 2012(September): 49–59 (2012).

Herdiana, C., Teknik, F. & Sarjana, P., Studi Komparasi Teknik Pemecahan Dinding Sel Pada Ekstraksi Lipid Mikroalga Chlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg. universitas indonesia, (2011).

Epa, K., Dha, D. A. N. & Fortifikasi, U., Kultivasi Mikroalga Laut Chlorella vulgaris Sebagai Penghasil Biomassa Kaya EPA dan DHA Untuk Fortifikasi Sosis (SO-FIT). Universitas Hasanuddin, (2013).

Chalid, S. Y., Amini, S. & Lestari, S. D., Kultivasi Chlorella , sp Pada Media Tumbuh Yang Diperkaya Dengan Pupuk Anorganik Dan Soil Extract. Valensi, 1(6): 298–304 (2010).

Almutairi, A. W. & Toulibah, H. E., Effect of Salinity and pH on Fatty Acid Profile of The Green Algae Tetraselmis suecica. J. Pet. Environ. Biotechnol., 08(03): 3–8 (2017).

Amini, S. dan S., Konsentrasi Unsur Hara pada Media dan Pertumbuhan Chlorella vulgaris dengan Pupuk Anorganik Teknis dan Analis. J. Perikan. (J. Fish. Sci.) VIII, VIII(2): 201–206 (2006).

Fachrullah, M. R., Laju Pertumbuhan Mikroalga Penghasil Biofuel Jenis Chlorella sp. dan Nannochloropsis sp. yang Dikultivasi Menggunakan Air Limbah Hasil Penambangan Timah di Pulau Bangka. Institud Pertanian Bogor, (2011).

Sarjana, P., Pertanian, T., Pertanian, F. & Sriwijaya, U., Pengaruh pH, konsentrasi isolat Chlorella vulgaris dan waktu pengamatan terhadap tingkat cemaran limbah cair crumb rubber. J. Din. Penelit. Ind., 25(2): 97–106 (2014).

Rustan, A. C. & Drevon, C. A., Fatty Acids: Structures and Properties. Encycl. Life Sci., 1–7 (2005). doi:10.1038/npg.els.0003894

Rachmaniah, O., Setyarini, R. D. & Maulida, L., Pemilihan Metode Ekstraksi Minyak Alga dari Chlorella sp . dan Prediksinya sebagai Biodiesel. Semin. Tek. Kim. Soehadi Reksowardojo, 1–10 (2010).

Spilling, K., Brynjólfsdóttir, Ã., Enss, D., Rischer, H. & Svavarsson, H. G., The effect of high pH on structural lipids in diatoms. J. Appl. Phycol., 25(5): 1435–1439 (2013).

Huang, Y. T. & Su, C. P., High lipid content and productivity of microalgae cultivating under elevated carbon dioxide. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol., 11(3): 703–710 (2014).

Gobler, C. J., Norman, C., Panzeca, C., Taylor, G. T. & Sañudo-Wilhelmy, S. A., Effect of B-vitamins (B1, B12) and inorganic nutrients on algal bloom dynamics in a coastal ecosystem. Aquat. Microb. Ecol., 49(2): 181–194 (2007).

Al-safaar, A. T., Al-rubiaee, G. H. & Salman, S. K., Effect of pH Condition on the Growth and Lipid Content of Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris & Chroococcus minor. Int. J. Sci. Eng. Res., 7(11): (2016).

Harrison, M. J. G. R. P. V. H. S. T. L., Selection of Direct Transesterification as the Preferred Method for Assay of Fatty Acid Content of Microalgae. Cent. Bioprocess Eng. Res., 1053–1060 (2010). doi:10.1007/s11745-010-3468-2

Sekatresna, W., Dharma, A., Zein, R. & Chaidir, Z., Identification of blue-green algae uncultured oscillatoria sp IPOME-4 isolated from local industry effluent with the potential as β-carotene feedstock. Der Pharma Chem., 8(12): 110–117 (2016).

Cuellar-Bermudez, S. P., Romero-Ogawa, M. A., Vannela, R., Lai, Y. J. S., Rittmann, B. E. & Parra-Saldivar, R., Effects of light intensity and carbon dioxide on lipids and fatty acids produced by Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 during continuous flow. Algal Res., 12(March): 10–16 (2015).

Damayanti, A. & Fitriana, E. A., Sintesis Biodiesel Dari Minyak Mikroalga Chlorella Vulgaris Dengan Reaksi Transesterifikasi Menggunakan Katalis Koh. J. Bahan Alam Terbarukan, 4(1): 14–20 (2015).

Park, W., Yoo, G. & Moon, M., Phytohormone Supplementation Significantly Increases Growth of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Cultivated for Biodiesel Production. Biochem Biotechnol, (2013). doi:10.1007/s12010-013-0386-9

Hadiyanto. & Azim, M., Mikroalga Sumber Pangan & Energi Masa Depan. CBiore, 38(1): 51–57 (2012).

Liang, Y., Sarkany, N. & Cui, Y., Biomass and lipid productivities of Chlorella vulgaris under autotrophic, heterotrophic and mixotrophic growth conditions. Biotechnol. Lett., 31(7): 1043–1049 (2009).

Nur, M. M. A., Efek Bikarbonat , Besi , dan Garam terhadap Produktivitas Lipid Chlorella sp . yang Diekstrak dengan Metode Osmotic Shock Effect of Bicarbonate , Iron , and Salt , on Lipid Productivity of Chlorella sp . Extracted by Osmotic Shock Method. Eksergi, 11(02): 20–24 (2014).

Dewi, Prima, Putri, T., Usman, T. & Harlia., Transesterifikasi Langsung Mikroalga Chlorella sp Dengan Katalis Abu Tandan Kosong Sawit Yang Diimpregnasikan Pada Zeolit. JKK, 4(2): 37–43 (2015).

Griffiths, M. J. & Harrison, S. T. L., Lipid productivity as a key characteristic for choosing algal species for biodiesel production. J. Appl. Phycol., 21(5): 493–507 (2009).

Downloads

Published

2019-09-30

How to Cite

Wulandari, R., Dharma, A., & Syafrizayanti, S. (2019). Pengaruh Pemberian Variasi pH terhadap Produksi Trigliserida Total dan Komposisi Asam Lemak dari Chlorella Vulgaris Air Tawar. Jurnal Riset Kimia, 10(2), 66–74. https://doi.org/10.25077/jrk.v10i2.316

Issue

Vol. 10 No. 2 (2019): September

Section

Articles

Citation Check

License

Please find the rights and licenses in Jurnal Riset Kimia (J. Ris. Kim). By submitting the article/manuscript of the article, the author(s) agree with this policy. No specific document sign-off is required.

1. License

The use the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution license as currently displayed on Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. 

2. Author(s)' Warranties

The author warrants that the article is original, written by stated author(s), has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author(s).

3. User Rights

Under the Creative Commons license, the journal permits users to copy, distribute, and display the material for any purpose. Users will also need to attribute authors and J. Ris. Kim on distributing works in the journal and other media of publications.

4. Rights of Authors

Authors retain all their rights to the published works, such as (but not limited to) the following rights;

  • Copyright and other proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights,
  • The right to use the substance of the article in own future works, including lectures and books,
  • The right to reproduce the article for own purposes,
  • The right to self-archive the article,
  • The right to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the article's published version (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.

5. Co-Authorship

If the article was jointly prepared by more than one author, any authors submitting the manuscript warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to be agreed on this copyright and license notice (agreement) on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this policy. J. Ris. Kim will not be held liable for anything that may arise due to the author(s) internal dispute. J. Ris. Kim will only communicate with the corresponding author.