Potensi Daun Sirsak (Annona Muricata L.) sebagai Kandidat Fungisida Nabati Penghambat Pertumbuhan Cendawan Patogen Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides

Authors

  • Syayyidah Fatimatuz Zahro Politeknik Negeri Malang, Indonesia
  • Lailatul Restuning Putri Istiqomah Politeknik Negeri Malang, Indonesia
  • Galuh Citra Cahya Rohmana Politeknik Negeri Malang, Indonesia
  • Denise Ayu Yustikaningrum Politeknik Negeri Malang, Indonesia
  • Christyfani Sindhuwati Politeknik Negeri Malang, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25077/jrk.v14i1.590

Keywords:

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, daun sirsak, ekstraksi

Abstract

The attack of the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides fungus causes losses to farmers. The prolonged use of synthetic fungicides to treat this fungus harms the environment and consumers. Soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.) contain antioxidant compounds that act as antifeedants, contact poisons, and stomach poisons for plant pests and can potentially become a vegetable fungicide as a growth inhibitor for Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in postharvest horticulture. This study used a multilevel extraction method with solvents of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and 95% ethanol. Tests for the content of secondary metabolites of soursop leaf extract in the form of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins were carried out qualitatively and quantitatively using a UV-Vis Shimadzu 1800 spectrophotometer. The inhibition test of the extract against the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides was carried out using disc paper soaked with soursop leaf extract for a certain time. The qualitative test results of soursop leaf extract showed that it contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. The fungal inhibition zone test showed the most optimal results on soursop leaf extract with a long extraction time of 144 hours and a content of 50%, indicated by the largest diameter of the inhibition zone against the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, namely 1.7 cm.

References

Nurhijjah., Dampak serangan organisme pengganggu tanaman dan perubahan iklim terhadap produksi dan pendapatan petani padi swah di Sumatera Utara. Universitas Medan Area, (2017).

Harahap, T. F. H., Lubis, L. & Hasanuddin., Efek Tempertatur terhadap Virulensi Jamur Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz. Sacc. Penyebab Penyakit Antraknosa Pada Tanaman Kakai (Theobroma cacao L.). J. Online Agroekoteknologi, 2(1): 411–420 (2013).

Nurbailis., Yunisman. & Lusi Aprilia., Kolonisasi beberapa jamur antagonis pada akar tanaman cabai ( Capsicum annuum L.) dan pengaruhnya terhadap penekanan penyakit antraknosa yang disebabkan oleh Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. J. Prot. Tanam., 1(1): 1–9 (2017).

Srivastava, P. K., Singh, V. P., Singh, A., KumarTripathi, D., Singh, S., Prasad, S. M. & KumarChauhan, D., Pesticides in Crop Production: Physiological and Biochemical Action. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, (2020).

Pranyata, A., Efri., Dirmawati, S. R. & Nurdin, M., Efektivitas komposisi beberapa tumbuhan terhadap pertumbuhan jamur Colletotrichum gloeosporioides penyebab antraknosa pada cabai (Capsicum annuum L.). J. Agroekoteknologi Trop., 9(1): 52–59 (2021).

Julaily, N., Mukarline. & Setyawati, T. R., Pengendalian hama pada tanaman sawi ( Brassica juncea L.) menggunakan ekstrak daun pepaya ( Carica papaya L .). J. Protobiont, 2(3): 171–175 (2013).

Rahman, F. A., Haniastuti, T. & Utami, T. W., Skrining fitokimia dan aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun sirsak (Annona muricata L.) pada Streptococcus mutans ATCC 35668. Maj. Kedokt. Gigi Indones., 3(1): 1 (2017).

Pai, B. H. M., Rajesh, G., Shenoy, R. & Rao, A., Anti-microbial efficacy of soursop leaf Extract (Annona muricata) on oral pathogens: An in-vitro study. J. Clin. Diagnostic Res., 10(11): 1–4 (2016).

Mulyanti, D., Risnawati, E., Maulana, I. T., Febriani, D. & Dewi, Y. N., Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun sirsak (Annona muricata L.) pada bakteri Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aurus, dan Staphylococcus epidermis. in Prosiding Seminal Nasional Penelitian dan PKM Kesehatan, 325–330 Universitas Islam Bandung, (2015).

Nofitarini, R., Novita, F. S. & Hidayah, F. N., Uji kualitatif alkaloid dan tannin ekstrak kulit bawang dan daun ketapang dengan metode ekstraksi ultrasonik. in Prosiding SNST, 35–39 Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, (2019).

Tandi, J., Melinda, B., Purwantari, A. & Widodo, A., Analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif metabolit sekunder ekstrak etanol buah okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) dengan metode Spektrofotometri UV-Vis. 6(1): 74–80 (2020).

Jati, N. K., Prasetya, A. T. & Mursati, S., Isokkasi, identifikasi, dan uji aktivitas antibakteri senyawa alkaloid pada daun pepaya. J. MIPA, 42(1): 1–6 (2019).

Ikalinus, R., Widyastuti, S. K. & Setasih, N. L. E., Skrining fitokimia ekstrak etanol kulit batang kelor (Moringa oleifera). J. Indones. Med. Veterinus, 4(1): 71–79 (2015).

Stankovi, M. S., Total phenolix content, flavonoid concentration and antioxidant activity of Marrubium peregrinum L. extracts. Kragujev. jounal, 33: 63–72 (2011).

Saputra, M. F., Penentuan Kadar Saponin Tota; pada Ekstrak Daun Tanaman Menggunakan Metode Spektroskopi Near Infrared dan Kemometrik. Universitas Jember, (2018).

Harjanti, N. S., Penetapan kadar tanin pada Beberapa Sampel Teh Wangi Menggunakan Spektrofotometer Uv-Vis. Universitas Islam Indonesia, Jogjakarta, (2004).

Hitijahubessy, H. & Pariindungan, J. Y., Analisis kualitas hand sanitizer dari kombinasi virgin coconut oil (VCO) sebagai pelembut dan antibakteri dengan campuran etanol. J. Biofaal, 2(2): 87–92 (2021).

Alfione Firdaus N. W. A. & Budi, A. S., Ekstraksi Jahe Emprit (Zingiber oficinale rosc.) dan Serai Dapur (Cymbopogon citarus) dengan Metode Maserasi sebagai Bahan Dasar untuk Pembuatan Produk Effervescent. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, (2017).

Susanty. & Bachmid, F., Perbandingan metode ekstraksi maserasi dan refluks terhadap kadar fenolik dari ekstrak tongkol jagung (Zea mays L.). J. Konversi, 5(2): 87–93 (2016).

Ergina., Nuryanti, S. & Pursitasari, I. D., Uji Kualitatif Senyawa Meetabolit Sekunder pada Daun Palado (Agave angustifolia) yang diekstraksi dengan pelarut air dan etanol. J. Akad. Kim., 3(3): 165–172 (2014).

Desinta, T., Penentuan jenis tanin secara kualitatif dan penetapan kadar tanin dari kulit buah rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) secara permanganometri. J. Ilm. Mhs., 4(1): 1–10 (2015).

Purnamasari, F., Identifikasi senyawa aktif dari ekstrak daun sirsak (Annona muricata L.) dengan perbandingan beberapa pelarut pada metode maserasi. J. Kesehat., 4(3): 231–237 (2021).

Downloads

Published

2023-03-24

How to Cite

Zahro, S. F., Lailatul Restuning Putri Istiqomah, Galuh Citra Cahya Rohmana, Denise Ayu Yustikaningrum, & Christyfani Sindhuwati. (2023). Potensi Daun Sirsak (Annona Muricata L.) sebagai Kandidat Fungisida Nabati Penghambat Pertumbuhan Cendawan Patogen Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides. Jurnal Riset Kimia, 14(1), 94–106. https://doi.org/10.25077/jrk.v14i1.590

Issue

Vol. 14 No. 1 (2023): March

Section

Articles

Citation Check

License

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Please find the rights and licenses in Jurnal Riset Kimia (J. Ris. Kim). By submitting the article/manuscript of the article, the author(s) agree with this policy. No specific document sign-off is required.

1. License

The use the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution license as currently displayed on Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. 

2. Author(s)' Warranties

The author warrants that the article is original, written by stated author(s), has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author(s).

3. User Rights

Under the Creative Commons license, the journal permits users to copy, distribute, and display the material for any purpose. Users will also need to attribute authors and J. Ris. Kim on distributing works in the journal and other media of publications.

4. Rights of Authors

Authors retain all their rights to the published works, such as (but not limited to) the following rights;

  • Copyright and other proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights,
  • The right to use the substance of the article in own future works, including lectures and books,
  • The right to reproduce the article for own purposes,
  • The right to self-archive the article,
  • The right to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the article's published version (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.

5. Co-Authorship

If the article was jointly prepared by more than one author, any authors submitting the manuscript warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to be agreed on this copyright and license notice (agreement) on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this policy. J. Ris. Kim will not be held liable for anything that may arise due to the author(s) internal dispute. J. Ris. Kim will only communicate with the corresponding author.